"araō" meaning in All languages combined

See araō on Wiktionary

Verb [Proto-Italic]

Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti ▲ Proto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃trominflu. Proto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃yeti Proto-Italic *araō From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti, ye-present of the root *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”). The lost laryngeal appears to have been reintroduced due to influence from the widespread noun *h₂érh₃trom (“plough”, whence Latin arātrum) as with Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ρόω (ăróō, “to plough”). Etymology templates: {{etymon|itc-pro|:inh|ine-pro:<alt:*h₂érh₃yeti><ety:from<*h₂éryeti>:influence<*h₂érh₃trom>>|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃- Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti ▲ Proto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃trominflu. Proto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃yeti Proto-Italic *araō [Appendix:Glossary#contamination|Influenced by]]", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₂érh₃trom", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "influence" } ], "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*araō", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" }" data-lang="itc-pro" data-title="*araō">, {{inh|itc-pro|ine-pro|*h₂éryeti}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti, {{m+|la|arātrum}} Latin arātrum, {{cog|grc|ᾰ̓ρόω||to plough}} Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ρόω (ăróō, “to plough”) Head templates: {{head|itc-pro|verb|gloss=first-singular present indicative|head=|head2=|head3=|head4=}} *araō first-singular present indicative Inflection templates: {{itc-conj-1st-short|ar||arVt}}, {{itc-conj-base|desc=first conjugation with short a|futr_actv_impr_2sg=*arātōd|past_pasv_ptcp=*arVtos|perf_indc_1pl=|perf_indc_1sg=|perf_indc_2pl=|perf_indc_2sg=|perf_indc_3pl=|perf_indc_3sg=|pres_actv_impr_2pl=*arāte|pres_actv_impr_2sg=*arā|pres_actv_indc_1pl=*arāmos|pres_actv_indc_1sg=*araō|pres_actv_indc_2pl=*arātes|pres_actv_indc_2sg=*arās|pres_actv_indc_3pl=*araont|pres_actv_indc_3sg=*arāt|pres_actv_ptcp=|pres_actv_subj_1pl=*araēmos?|pres_actv_subj_1sg=*araēm?|pres_actv_subj_2pl=*araētes?|pres_actv_subj_2sg=*araēs?|pres_actv_subj_3pl=*araēnd?|pres_actv_subj_3sg=*araēd?|pres_pasv_impr_2sg=*arāzo|pres_pasv_indc_1pl=*arāmor|pres_pasv_indc_1sg=*araōr|pres_pasv_indc_2pl=*arāmanoi?|pres_pasv_indc_2sg=*arāzo|pres_pasv_indc_3pl=*araontor|pres_pasv_indc_3sg=*arātor|pres_pasv_subj_1pl=*araēmor?|pres_pasv_subj_1sg=*araēr?|pres_pasv_subj_2pl=*araēmanoi?|pres_pasv_subj_2sg=*araēzo?|pres_pasv_subj_3pl=*araēntor?|pres_pasv_subj_3sg=*araētor?|s_vn=*arazi|tu_vn=*arVtum|type=}}, {{Template:itc-conj-base/core|aor_indc_1pl=|aor_indc_1sg=|aor_indc_2pl=|aor_indc_2sg=|aor_indc_3pl=|aor_indc_3sg=|desc=first conjugation with short a|futr_actv_impr_1sg=*arātōd|note=|past_pasv_ptcp=*arVtos|perf_indc_1pl=|perf_indc_1sg=|perf_indc_2pl=|perf_indc_2sg=|perf_indc_3pl=|perf_indc_3sg=|pres_actv_impr_1sg=*arā|pres_actv_impr_2sg=*arāte|pres_actv_indc_1pl=*arāmos|pres_actv_indc_1sg=*araō|pres_actv_indc_2pl=*arātes|pres_actv_indc_2sg=*arās|pres_actv_indc_3pl=*araont|pres_actv_indc_3sg=*arāt|pres_actv_opt_1pl=|pres_actv_opt_1sg=|pres_actv_opt_2pl=|pres_actv_opt_2sg=|pres_actv_opt_3pl=|pres_actv_opt_3sg=|pres_actv_ptcp=|pres_actv_subj_1pl=*araēmos?|pres_actv_subj_1sg=*araēm?|pres_actv_subj_2pl=*araētes?|pres_actv_subj_2sg=*araēs?|pres_actv_subj_3pl=*araēnd?|pres_actv_subj_3sg=*araēd?|pres_pasv_impr_1sg=*arāzo|pres_pasv_impr_2sg=|pres_pasv_indc_1pl=*arāmor|pres_pasv_indc_1sg=*araōr|pres_pasv_indc_2pl=*arāmanoi?|pres_pasv_indc_2sg=*arāzo|pres_pasv_indc_3pl=*araontor|pres_pasv_indc_3sg=*arātor|pres_pasv_opt_1pl=|pres_pasv_opt_1sg=|pres_pasv_opt_2pl=|pres_pasv_opt_2sg=|pres_pasv_opt_3pl=|pres_pasv_opt_3sg=|pres_pasv_subj_1pl=*araēmor?|pres_pasv_subj_1sg=*araēr?|pres_pasv_subj_2pl=*araēmanoi?|pres_pasv_subj_2sg=*araēzo?|pres_pasv_subj_3pl=*araēntor?|pres_pasv_subj_3sg=*araētor?|s_vn=*arazi|tu_vn=*arVtum|tu_vn2=}} Forms: araō first-singular present indicative [canonical], conjugation-1 [table-tags], araō [active, first-person, indicative, present, singular], araōr [first-person, indicative, passive, present, singular], arās [active, indicative, present, second-person, singular], arāzo [indicative, passive, present, second-person, singular], arāt [active, indicative, present, singular, third-person], arātor [indicative, passive, present, singular, third-person], arāmos [active, first-person, indicative, plural, present], arāmor [first-person, indicative, passive, plural, present], arātes [active, indicative, plural, present, second-person], arāmanoi? [indicative, passive, plural, present, second-person], araont [active, indicative, plural, present, third-person], araontor [indicative, passive, plural, present, third-person], araēm? [active, first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], araēr? [first-person, passive, present, singular, subjunctive], araēs? [active, present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], araēzo? [passive, present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], araēd? [active, present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], araētor? [passive, present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], araēmos? [active, first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], araēmor? [first-person, passive, plural, present, subjunctive], araētes? [active, plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], araēmanoi? [passive, plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], araēnd? [active, plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], araēntor? [passive, plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], - [active, first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], - [first-person, passive, present, singular, subjunctive], - [active, present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], - [passive, present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], - [passive, present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], - [active, first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], - [first-person, passive, plural, present, subjunctive], - [active, plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], - [passive, plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], - [active, plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], - [passive, plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], - [active, first-person, indicative, perfect, singular], - [active, indicative, perfect, second-person, singular], - [active, indicative, perfect, singular, third-person], - [active, first-person, indicative, perfect, plural], - [active, indicative, perfect, plural, second-person], - [active, indicative, perfect, plural, third-person], arā [active, imperative, present, second-person, singular], arāzo [imperative, passive, present, second-person, singular], arāte [active, imperative, plural, present, second-person], - [imperative, passive, plural, present, second-person], 2nd + 3rd sing. [future, imperative, plural, second-person], arātōd [active, future, imperative], - [present], arVtos [past], arVtum [accusative, supine], - [error-unrecognized-form, supine], arazi [s-derivative]
  1. to plough Tags: reconstruction
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Latin",
      "lang_code": "la",
      "word": "arō"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ine-pro:<alt:*h₂érh₃yeti><ety:from<*h₂éryeti>:influence<*h₂érh₃trom>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃trominflu.\nProto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃yeti\nProto-Italic *araō\n[Appendix:Glossary#contamination|Influenced by]]\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂érh₃trom\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*araō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" }\" data-lang=\"itc-pro\" data-title=\"*araō\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂éryeti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arātrum"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arātrum",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ᾰ̓ρόω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to plough"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ρόω (ăróō, “to plough”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃trominflu.\nProto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃yeti\nProto-Italic *araō\nFrom Proto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti, ye-present of the root *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”). The lost laryngeal appears to have been reintroduced due to influence from the widespread noun *h₂érh₃trom (“plough”, whence Latin arātrum) as with Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ρόω (ăróō, “to plough”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "araō first-singular present indicative",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conjugation-1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "itc-conj-1st-short",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araōr",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arās",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arāzo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arāt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arātor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arāmos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arāmor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arātes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arāmanoi?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araont",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araontor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēm?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēr?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēs?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēzo?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēd?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araētor?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēmos?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēmor?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araētes?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēmanoi?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēnd?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēntor?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arāzo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arāte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2nd + 3rd sing.",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arātōd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arVtos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arVtum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arazi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "s-derivative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "verb",
        "gloss": "first-singular present indicative",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "head4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*araō first-singular present indicative",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "",
        "3": "arVt"
      },
      "name": "itc-conj-1st-short"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "desc": "first conjugation with short a",
        "futr_actv_impr_2sg": "*arātōd",
        "past_pasv_ptcp": "*arVtos",
        "perf_indc_1pl": "",
        "perf_indc_1sg": "",
        "perf_indc_2pl": "",
        "perf_indc_2sg": "",
        "perf_indc_3pl": "",
        "perf_indc_3sg": "",
        "pres_actv_impr_2pl": "*arāte",
        "pres_actv_impr_2sg": "*arā",
        "pres_actv_indc_1pl": "*arāmos",
        "pres_actv_indc_1sg": "*araō",
        "pres_actv_indc_2pl": "*arātes",
        "pres_actv_indc_2sg": "*arās",
        "pres_actv_indc_3pl": "*araont",
        "pres_actv_indc_3sg": "*arāt",
        "pres_actv_ptcp": "",
        "pres_actv_subj_1pl": "*araēmos?",
        "pres_actv_subj_1sg": "*araēm?",
        "pres_actv_subj_2pl": "*araētes?",
        "pres_actv_subj_2sg": "*araēs?",
        "pres_actv_subj_3pl": "*araēnd?",
        "pres_actv_subj_3sg": "*araēd?",
        "pres_pasv_impr_2sg": "*arāzo",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1pl": "*arāmor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1sg": "*araōr",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2pl": "*arāmanoi?",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2sg": "*arāzo",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3pl": "*araontor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3sg": "*arātor",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1pl": "*araēmor?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1sg": "*araēr?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2pl": "*araēmanoi?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2sg": "*araēzo?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3pl": "*araēntor?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3sg": "*araētor?",
        "s_vn": "*arazi",
        "tu_vn": "*arVtum",
        "type": ""
      },
      "name": "itc-conj-base"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "aor_indc_1pl": "",
        "aor_indc_1sg": "",
        "aor_indc_2pl": "",
        "aor_indc_2sg": "",
        "aor_indc_3pl": "",
        "aor_indc_3sg": "",
        "desc": "first conjugation with short a",
        "futr_actv_impr_1sg": "*arātōd",
        "note": "",
        "past_pasv_ptcp": "*arVtos",
        "perf_indc_1pl": "",
        "perf_indc_1sg": "",
        "perf_indc_2pl": "",
        "perf_indc_2sg": "",
        "perf_indc_3pl": "",
        "perf_indc_3sg": "",
        "pres_actv_impr_1sg": "*arā",
        "pres_actv_impr_2sg": "*arāte",
        "pres_actv_indc_1pl": "*arāmos",
        "pres_actv_indc_1sg": "*araō",
        "pres_actv_indc_2pl": "*arātes",
        "pres_actv_indc_2sg": "*arās",
        "pres_actv_indc_3pl": "*araont",
        "pres_actv_indc_3sg": "*arāt",
        "pres_actv_opt_1pl": "",
        "pres_actv_opt_1sg": "",
        "pres_actv_opt_2pl": "",
        "pres_actv_opt_2sg": "",
        "pres_actv_opt_3pl": "",
        "pres_actv_opt_3sg": "",
        "pres_actv_ptcp": "",
        "pres_actv_subj_1pl": "*araēmos?",
        "pres_actv_subj_1sg": "*araēm?",
        "pres_actv_subj_2pl": "*araētes?",
        "pres_actv_subj_2sg": "*araēs?",
        "pres_actv_subj_3pl": "*araēnd?",
        "pres_actv_subj_3sg": "*araēd?",
        "pres_pasv_impr_1sg": "*arāzo",
        "pres_pasv_impr_2sg": "",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1pl": "*arāmor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1sg": "*araōr",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2pl": "*arāmanoi?",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2sg": "*arāzo",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3pl": "*araontor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3sg": "*arātor",
        "pres_pasv_opt_1pl": "",
        "pres_pasv_opt_1sg": "",
        "pres_pasv_opt_2pl": "",
        "pres_pasv_opt_2sg": "",
        "pres_pasv_opt_3pl": "",
        "pres_pasv_opt_3sg": "",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1pl": "*araēmor?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1sg": "*araēr?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2pl": "*araēmanoi?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2sg": "*araēzo?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3pl": "*araēntor?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3sg": "*araētor?",
        "s_vn": "*arazi",
        "tu_vn": "*arVtum",
        "tu_vn2": ""
      },
      "name": "Template:itc-conj-base/core"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Italic",
  "lang_code": "itc-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/araō",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Italic entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Italic entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Italic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to plough"
      ],
      "id": "en-araō-itc-pro-verb-9T26LxTa",
      "links": [
        [
          "plough",
          "plough"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "araō"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Latin",
      "lang_code": "la",
      "word": "arō"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ine-pro:<alt:*h₂érh₃yeti><ety:from<*h₂éryeti>:influence<*h₂érh₃trom>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃trominflu.\nProto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃yeti\nProto-Italic *araō\n[Appendix:Glossary#contamination|Influenced by]]\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂érh₃trom\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*araō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" }\" data-lang=\"itc-pro\" data-title=\"*araō\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂éryeti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "arātrum"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin arātrum",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ᾰ̓ρόω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to plough"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ρόω (ăróō, “to plough”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃-\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti\n▲\nProto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃trominflu.\nProto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃yeti\nProto-Italic *araō\nFrom Proto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti, ye-present of the root *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”). The lost laryngeal appears to have been reintroduced due to influence from the widespread noun *h₂érh₃trom (“plough”, whence Latin arātrum) as with Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ρόω (ăróō, “to plough”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "araō first-singular present indicative",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conjugation-1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "itc-conj-1st-short",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araōr",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arās",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arāzo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arāt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arātor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arāmos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arāmor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arātes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arāmanoi?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araont",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araontor",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēm?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēr?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēs?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēzo?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēd?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araētor?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēmos?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēmor?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araētes?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēmanoi?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēnd?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "araēntor?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arā",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arāzo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arāte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2nd + 3rd sing.",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arātōd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "future",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arVtos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arVtum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "arazi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "s-derivative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "verb",
        "gloss": "first-singular present indicative",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "head3": "",
        "head4": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*araō first-singular present indicative",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "",
        "3": "arVt"
      },
      "name": "itc-conj-1st-short"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "desc": "first conjugation with short a",
        "futr_actv_impr_2sg": "*arātōd",
        "past_pasv_ptcp": "*arVtos",
        "perf_indc_1pl": "",
        "perf_indc_1sg": "",
        "perf_indc_2pl": "",
        "perf_indc_2sg": "",
        "perf_indc_3pl": "",
        "perf_indc_3sg": "",
        "pres_actv_impr_2pl": "*arāte",
        "pres_actv_impr_2sg": "*arā",
        "pres_actv_indc_1pl": "*arāmos",
        "pres_actv_indc_1sg": "*araō",
        "pres_actv_indc_2pl": "*arātes",
        "pres_actv_indc_2sg": "*arās",
        "pres_actv_indc_3pl": "*araont",
        "pres_actv_indc_3sg": "*arāt",
        "pres_actv_ptcp": "",
        "pres_actv_subj_1pl": "*araēmos?",
        "pres_actv_subj_1sg": "*araēm?",
        "pres_actv_subj_2pl": "*araētes?",
        "pres_actv_subj_2sg": "*araēs?",
        "pres_actv_subj_3pl": "*araēnd?",
        "pres_actv_subj_3sg": "*araēd?",
        "pres_pasv_impr_2sg": "*arāzo",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1pl": "*arāmor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1sg": "*araōr",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2pl": "*arāmanoi?",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2sg": "*arāzo",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3pl": "*araontor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3sg": "*arātor",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1pl": "*araēmor?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1sg": "*araēr?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2pl": "*araēmanoi?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2sg": "*araēzo?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3pl": "*araēntor?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3sg": "*araētor?",
        "s_vn": "*arazi",
        "tu_vn": "*arVtum",
        "type": ""
      },
      "name": "itc-conj-base"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "aor_indc_1pl": "",
        "aor_indc_1sg": "",
        "aor_indc_2pl": "",
        "aor_indc_2sg": "",
        "aor_indc_3pl": "",
        "aor_indc_3sg": "",
        "desc": "first conjugation with short a",
        "futr_actv_impr_1sg": "*arātōd",
        "note": "",
        "past_pasv_ptcp": "*arVtos",
        "perf_indc_1pl": "",
        "perf_indc_1sg": "",
        "perf_indc_2pl": "",
        "perf_indc_2sg": "",
        "perf_indc_3pl": "",
        "perf_indc_3sg": "",
        "pres_actv_impr_1sg": "*arā",
        "pres_actv_impr_2sg": "*arāte",
        "pres_actv_indc_1pl": "*arāmos",
        "pres_actv_indc_1sg": "*araō",
        "pres_actv_indc_2pl": "*arātes",
        "pres_actv_indc_2sg": "*arās",
        "pres_actv_indc_3pl": "*araont",
        "pres_actv_indc_3sg": "*arāt",
        "pres_actv_opt_1pl": "",
        "pres_actv_opt_1sg": "",
        "pres_actv_opt_2pl": "",
        "pres_actv_opt_2sg": "",
        "pres_actv_opt_3pl": "",
        "pres_actv_opt_3sg": "",
        "pres_actv_ptcp": "",
        "pres_actv_subj_1pl": "*araēmos?",
        "pres_actv_subj_1sg": "*araēm?",
        "pres_actv_subj_2pl": "*araētes?",
        "pres_actv_subj_2sg": "*araēs?",
        "pres_actv_subj_3pl": "*araēnd?",
        "pres_actv_subj_3sg": "*araēd?",
        "pres_pasv_impr_1sg": "*arāzo",
        "pres_pasv_impr_2sg": "",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1pl": "*arāmor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_1sg": "*araōr",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2pl": "*arāmanoi?",
        "pres_pasv_indc_2sg": "*arāzo",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3pl": "*araontor",
        "pres_pasv_indc_3sg": "*arātor",
        "pres_pasv_opt_1pl": "",
        "pres_pasv_opt_1sg": "",
        "pres_pasv_opt_2pl": "",
        "pres_pasv_opt_2sg": "",
        "pres_pasv_opt_3pl": "",
        "pres_pasv_opt_3sg": "",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1pl": "*araēmor?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_1sg": "*araēr?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2pl": "*araēmanoi?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_2sg": "*araēzo?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3pl": "*araēntor?",
        "pres_pasv_subj_3sg": "*araētor?",
        "s_vn": "*arazi",
        "tu_vn": "*arVtum",
        "tu_vn2": ""
      },
      "name": "Template:itc-conj-base/core"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Italic",
  "lang_code": "itc-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/araō",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymology trees",
        "Pages with etymon",
        "Proto-Italic entries with etymology trees",
        "Proto-Italic entries with etymon",
        "Proto-Italic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Italic first conjugation verbs",
        "Proto-Italic lemmas",
        "Proto-Italic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Italic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂erh₃-",
        "Proto-Italic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Italic verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to plough"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "plough",
          "plough"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "araō"
}

Download raw JSONL data for araō meaning in All languages combined (11.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.